They explain, "Some of the most common characteristics of alcohol-related brain damage include: poor impulse control and poor problem solving skills, difficulty linking actions to consequences, poor social communication, limited abstract reasoning, and lack of trial and error learning. People with FASD have great difficulty internalizing values, feelings and laws, and may develop inappropriate social, sexual, and sociopathic behaviors." Andrews and Ryan assert, "Educating mothers to not drink while trying to get pregnant or during pregnancy will not only result in an increase in healthy children, but a decrease in social services taxpayers must provide."